Amazon recently announced an update to their Kindle software that adds "real page numbers" to select Kindle eBooks. Before this development, Kindle eBooks relied on locations instead of pages since eBooks don't actually have pages.
Makes sense, if you discount hundreds of years of book usage, so Amazon has mapped thousands of eBooks to physical editions resulting in page numbers for eBooks.
But how do you know if a Kindle book has this real page number information? Simple, check out the product details. If you see "Page Numbers Source ISBN:" lists like so:
That Kindle book has real page numbers (above is the product details of The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo). Simple!
Sadly, this update is only available for the newest generation of Kindle. And since it is "preview software," you'll have to manually install it... IF YOU DARE (which I did, and it works as advertised).